President Benigno Aquino said that he would risk excommunication to support a law that would allow artificial contraception in the Philippines.
With more legislatures taking immigration-related problems into state hands, President Obama renewed his commitment to a federal approach to reform.
The Vatican's moral advocacy has provoked criticism and even derision among some Italians.
The Vatican and many of the Latin-rite bishops of India are not treating the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church with justice, an Indian bishop said.
Some 1.5 billion people live in countries affected by repeated cycles of political and criminal violence, according to a World Bank report.
The Quakers consider the boycott a nonviolent move for peace between Israelis and Palestinians.