NCR: Women Religious Decide “Not to Comply”

Here is an important story, about which we have heard rumors for the past few days, apparently confirmed by National Catholic Reporter.  In response to the Apostolic Visitation, many women’s religious orders are, according to NCR, not complying with requests to answer the Vatican questionnaire, and instead are sending in their constitutions (that is, their foundational–and church-approved–“rule”) to the Apostolic Visitator, as an alternative response and, also a form of protest.  (I had also heard this reported independently from several people familiar with the visitation.  One described it to me as “nonviolent protest,” something echoed in a statement below.) 

If this is true, it would constitute an historic protest of Vatican authority on the part of women religious in this country.  Tom Fox, editor of NCR, reports:  

The vast majority of U.S. women religious are not complying with a Vatican request to answer questions in a document of inquiry that is part of a three-year study of the congregations. Leaders of congregations, instead, are leaving questions unanswered or sending in letters or copies of their communities’ constitutions.  “There’s been almost universal resistance,” said one women religious familiar with the responses compiled by the congregation leaders. “We are saying ‘enough!’ In my 40 years in religious life I have never seen such unanimity.”

The deadline for the questionnaires to be filled out and returned to the Vatican-appointed apostolic visitator, superior general of the Apostles of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Mother Mary Clare Millea, was Nov. 20. On that day, according to an informed source, congregation leaders across the nation sent Millea letters and, in many cases, only partial answers to the questionnaire. Many women, instead of filling out the forms, replied by sending in copies of their Vatican -approved orders’ religious constitutions. A religious order’s constitution states its rationale, purpose and mission.

The Vatican initiated the study in January, saying its purpose is to determine the quality of life in religious communities, given the decline in vocations in recent decades. From the outset, the women have complained they were never consulted before Vatican officials announced the investigation and there is no transparency in the process. Some have called the effort demeaning and intrusive.  The decisions by congregation leaders not to comply follow nearly two months of intensive discussions both inside and across religious congregations. They follow consultations with civil and canon lawyers, and come in the wake of what some women religious see as widespread support by laity for their church missions.

With about half of the responses from the nation’s 59,000 women religious accounted for, only about one percent answered, as directed, most or all of the questions contained in the study’s working paper, officially called an Instrumentum Laboris, according to one informed source.  By contrast, according to the source, congregations representing, by far, the greater majority of women religious decided not to comply and answered only a few, or none, of the questions. Many of the 340 U.S. apostolic congregation heads instead sent letters to Millea stating that what they were sending was what the Vatican was looking for.

….

Several women said canon lawyers told the women they were not required to answer all the questions. Religious, unlike bishops, priests and deacons, who make up the clergy, are not officially part of the church’s hierarchical structure. According to this reasoning, women religious are responsible to their congregation leadership and to their constitutions.

…

All along, said one woman religious, the challenge has been to respond to the Vatican in a way that breaks a cycle of violence. She said that the women religious communities have attempted to respond by using a language “devoid of the violence” they found in the Vatican questionnaire and within the wider study. She characterized the congregation responses as “creative and affirming,” and part of an effort to set a positive example in “nonviolent resistance.”

…

“Women religious, she said, are asking if there is a “Ghandian or Martin Luther King way” to deal with violence they felt is being done to them.

Read the rest of the NCR story here.