Jesuit education is a vast topic encompassing history, biography, spirituality and pedagogy. It's interwoven with the history of the Catholic Church and the life of St. Ignatius, and yet even non-Catholics find the themes and principles of Jesuit education hospitable and illuminating. Where does one go to understand it?
There are many books and articles shedding light on Jesuit education, and happily I browsed my way to some of the free resources offered by Boston College. The Division of University Mission and Ministry has written, collated and collected some outstanding resources covering the origins and nature of Jesuit education. See, for example, A Pocket Guide to Jesuit Education, which includes chapters such as, "How did Jesuits Get Involved in Schools?" and "Jesuit Education is a Process."
Another impressive work published by BC is What Are We? An Introduction to Boston College and Its Jesuit and Catholic Tradition. These resources (and others at the site) are very helpful for anyone trying to understand and even teach various aspects of Jesuit education. Even if you're a veteran in the field, you'll find something worthwhile. I highly recommend.