The Crusades are typically thought of as the wars between Christians and Muslims in the Middle East that occurred during the 12th and 13th centuries While this was their most famous manifestation it was not the only one They also involved conflicts against the Moors in Iberia heretics in souther

The Middle Ages are popularly perceived as a period of intellectual and cultural stagnation This perspective is reinforced by the common description of this era as the Dark Ages or the fact that the word medieval is frequently used as a pejorative in our modern vocabulary These stereotypes many o